Early years

Early years[edit]

Trippe was born in Sea Bright, New Jersey, on June 27, 1899, the great-great-grandson of Lieutenant John Trippe, captain of the USS Vixen.^[1] Because of his Hispanic first name, people often assume that Trippe was of Spanish descent, but his family was actually Northern European in ancestry and settled in Maryland in 1664. He was, in fact, named after Juanita Terry, theVenezuelan wife of his great uncle.^[2] Trippe attended the Bovea School and graduated from the Hill School in 1917.^[1]

He enrolled at Yale University but left when the United States entered World War I to apply for flight training with the U.S. Navy. After completing training in June 1918, he was designated as a Naval Aviator and was commissioned as an Ensign in the U.S. Naval Reserve.^[3][4] However, the end of World War Iprecluded him from flying in combat. Demobilized from active duty, he returned to Yale University, graduating in 1921. While at Yale, he was a member of St. Anthony Hall and of the Skull and Bones society. Trippe was treasurer at the first-ever meet of the National Intercollegiate Flying Association in 1920.^[5]

Career[edit]

After graduation from Yale, Trippe began working on Wall Street, but soon became bored. In 1922 he raised money from his old Yale classmates, selling them stock in his new airline, which he called Long Island Airways, an air-taxi service for the rich and powerful.^[6] Once again tapping his wealthy friends from Yale, Trippe invested in an airline namedColonial Air Transport, which was awarded a new route and an airmail contract on October 7, 1925.^[7] Interested in operating to the Caribbean, Trippe created the Aviation Corporation of the Americas. Based in Florida, the company would evolve into the unofficial US flag carrier, Pan American Airways, commonly known as Pan Am.

Years at Pan Am[edit]

Main article: Pan American World Airways

Pan Am's first flight took off on October 19, 1927, from Key West, Florida, to Havana, Cuba, in a hired Fairchild FC-2floatplane being delivered to West Indian Aerial Express in the Dominican Republic. The return flight from Havana to Key West, in a Pan Am Fokker F.VII, took place October 29, being delayed from the 28th by rain.

Later, Trippe bought the China National Aviation Corporation (CNAC) to provide domestic air service in the Republic of China, and became a partner in Panagra. In the 1930s. Pan Am became the first airline to cross the Pacific Ocean with the famous Clipper flying boats.

Trippe served as the Chairman of the Board of Directors of the airline for all but about two years between the founding of the company and the Second World War. "Sonny" Whitney, a stockholder, managed to seize this position. He later regretted his action and allowed Trippe to retake it. For a long time Trippe refused to pardon Whitney. At one point, he even agreed to meet Whitney for lunch for a reconciliation but changed his mind and turned around shortly after departing from his office in the Chrysler Building.

Trippe on the cover of Timemagazine, July 1933

Pan Am continued to expand worldwide throughout World War II. Trippe is responsible for several innovations in the airline world. A firm believer in the idea of air travel for all, Trippe is credited as the father of the tourist class in the airline industry, and was the driving force behind Pan Am's formation of theInterContinental hotel group.^[8]

Trippe quickly recognized the opportunities presented by jet aircraft and ordered several Boeing 707 and Douglas DC-8 airplanes. Pan Am's first jet flight was operated in October, 1958 by a 707 out of Idlewild International Airport (now JFK) toParis. The new jets allowed Pan Am to introduce lower fares and fly more passengers.

In 1965, Trippe asked his friend Bill Allen at Boeing to produce an airplane much larger than the 707. The result was the Boeing 747, and Pan Am was the first customer. Originally, Trippe believed the 747 would ultimately be destined to haul cargo only and would be replaced by faster, supersonic aircraft which were then being developed. The supersonic airliners failed to materialize with the exception of the Concorde and Tupolev Tu-144 and the 747 became the iconic image of international travel. In 1965, Trippe received the Tony Jannus Award for his distinguished contributions to commercial aviation.

Trippe gave up presidency of the airline in 1968. He continued to attend meetings of the Board of Directors and maintained an office in the company's Park Avenue office building.

Brewster and Hughes Controversy[edit]

In 1947 Owen Brewster was chairman of the special Senate committee investigating defense procurement during World War II. He claimed concern that Howard Hughes had received $40 million from the Defense Department without actually delivering the aircraft he had contracted to provide, but before the hearings Brewster offered to drop the investigation if Hughes would allow TWA to merge with Pan Am.^[9]

Juan Trippe had supported the Community Airline Bill that would give Pan Am exclusivity on International flights from the U.S. and Hughes suspected Brewster's hearings were intended to harm TWA and help Trippe.^[10]

Personal life[edit]

Trippe was a member of the Royal and Ancient Golf Club of St Andrews in Scotland and president of the Maidstone Club in East Hampton, New York, from 1940 to 1944.

Marriage and children[edit]

Trippe married Elizabeth "Betty" Stettinius Trippe (1904–1983), the sister of United States Secretary of State Edward R. Stettinius, Jr., in 1928.^[11] They had four children, Elizabeth ("Betsy"), John Terry, Charles White, and Edward Stettinius Trippe, who now resides in Tucker's Town, Bermuda, where he is executive director of the Tucker's Point Club and serves on Bermuda International Airport's advisory board.^[12][13] The couple remained married until Trippe's death in 1981.^[14]

Death[edit]

Trippe suffered a stroke in September 1980 which forced him to cut back on his workload.^[2] He died after suffering a second stroke at his New York City home on April 3, 1981, at the age of 81.^[1][15] He is buried in Green-Wood Cemetery inBrooklyn.^[16]

Legacy[edit]

In 1985, Trippe was posthumously awarded the Medal of Freedom by United States President Ronald Reagan.^[16] Trippe was inducted into the Junior Achievement U.S. Business Hall of Fame in 1990.^[17] At Yale University in the School of Management there is a professorship entitled the "Juan Trippe Professor in the Practice of International Trade, Finance, and Business"^[18]